Prompting Guide
Learn how to transform images into videos with Gen-4.5 using effective text prompts that describe motion, camera work, and temporal progression.
Shot Sizes and Framing
Macro
Detailed close up of something small to make it feel large
Extreme close up
Shows only a small detail, like just the eyes or a specific feature
Close up
Focuses tightly on the subject's face or an object
Medium
Shows from the waist up
Full
Shows the entire subject from head to toe
Wide
Shows the subject and their surroundings, full body visible
Extreme wide
Shows a vast area, often used for landscapes or to show scale
Establishing
Sets the scene by showing the location or environment
Camera Angles
Aerial
Shot from high in the air, typically from a drone or helicopter
High angle
Camera looks down on the subject from above
Low angle
Camera looks up at the subject from below
Bird's eye view
Looking straight down from above
Worm's eye view
Looking up from below
Over the shoulder
Shot from behind someone's shoulder, showing what they're looking at
POV
Point of view - shows exactly what the character sees
Composition Techniques
Leading lines
Using lines in the scene to guide the viewer's eye
Frame within frame
Using elements like doorways or windows to create a frame inside the shot
Symmetrical
Balanced composition with mirrored elements on both sides
Negative space
Empty space around the subject that draws attention to them
Camera Movements
Basic Movements
Pan
Camera rotates left or right on a fixed point
Tilt up/down
Camera rotates up or down on a fixed point
Dolly
Camera moves forward or backward on a track or wheels
Static
Camera stays completely still
Push & Pull
Push in
Camera moves closer to the subject
Pull back
Camera moves away from the subject
Truck
Camera moves left or right, parallel to the subject
Pedestal
Camera moves straight up or down vertically
Tracking & Following
Tracking
Camera follows alongside a moving subject
Orbit
Camera circles completely around the subject
Arc
Camera moves in a curved path around the subject
Crane/Jib
Camera moves up and down on a large mechanical arm
Zoom & Speed
Zoom
Lens changes focal length to make the subject appear closer or farther
Crash zoom
Very fast, dramatic zoom in or out
Whip pan
Extremely fast pan that creates motion blur
Stabilization Styles
Handheld
Camera is held by hand, creating natural shakiness
Steadicam
Stabilized handheld system that creates smooth movement while walking
Gimbal
Electronic stabilizer that keeps the camera smooth while moving
Focus Techniques
Deep focus
Everything from near to far is in sharp focus
Soft focus
Intentionally blurred or hazy look for artistic effect
Rack focus
Shifting focus from one subject to another during a shot
Shallow focus
Only a small area is in focus, the rest is blurred
Ready to Start Creating?
Head over to Runway and start experimenting with Text to Video and Image to Video using the techniques you've learned.
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